Passage One
In the age of a global economy and an information society, the world is now seeking a new economic pattern beyond traditional capitalism and socialism.
As the influence of Japan in the world economy becomes greater, Japanese companies will necessarily be globalized in a "borderless" economy. There are two aspects to the information revolution. The first is rapid technologic innovation in various fields such as microelectronics, new materials and biotechnology. The second is the reorganization of industrial structure. These environmental changes require the Japanese economy to be a driving force of technological innovation and to create new business and new employment opportunities. Japanese companies should meet requirements not only to survive themselves, but also to lead the new industrial revolution throughout the world.
We can say that the concept of HES proposes a new economic system which Japan has actually developed in the process of adaptation to a changing environment. HES is a system that can integrate both the efficiency of capitalistic competition and the equality of socialistic democracy. It is a system that can resolve the internal contradiction of both the systems of capitalism and socialism, in which power is concentrated in minority—the capitalists or the central government. Moreover, HES is a system of high productivity, which the Japanese economy demonstrates.
In Japan, there seems to have been an invisible principle of "coexistence of opposites. " Historically, Japan has allowed the coexistence of various religions such as Shintoism, Buddhism, Confucianism, Taoism and Christianity. In the process of modernization after the Meiji Restoration, Japan has incorporated Western science and technology onto the Eastern spiritual culture. Since the Second World War, Japan has built a cooperative relationship between management and labor unions. Today, Japan is trying to synthesize capitalism and socialism into a new economic system.
21. The title below that best expresses the ideas of this passage is
A. New Economic Pattern of the 21st Century
B. The Influence of Japan on the World Economy
C. A Global Economy and an Information Society
D. A System of High Productivity
22. In the 2nd paragraph, the word "borderless" could best be replaced by which of the following?
A. lack of border B. edgeless
C. international. D. global
23. The phrase "These requirements" in Paragraph 2 means
A. environmental changes
B. rapid technological innovation and reorganization of industrial structure
C. the Japanese economy to be driving force of technological innovation and to create new business and new employment opportunities
D. two aspects of information revolution
24. HES is a system_______.
A. that is a mixture of capitalism and socialism
B. whose concept has been created by a changing environment of the world
C. in which Japanese productivity is high
D. in which power is concentrated in a minority
25. In Japan, an invisible principle of "coexistence of opposites" is shown in the passage in _______ respects.
A. two B. three
C. four D. five
Passage Two
A weather map is an important tool for geographers. A succession of three or four maps presents a continuous picture of weather changes. Weather forecasters are able to determine the speed of air masses and fronts; to determine whether an individual pressure area is deepening or becoming shallow and whether a front is increasing or decreasing in intensity. They are also able to determine whether an air mass is retaining its original characteristics or taking on those of the surface over which it is moving. Thus, a most significant function of the map is to reveal a synoptic picture of conditions in the atmosphere at a given time.
All students of geography should be able to interpret a weather map accurately. Weather maps contain an enormous amount of information about weather condition existing at the time of observation over a large geographical area. They reveal in a few minutes what otherwise would take hours to describe. The United States Weather Bureau issues information about approaching storms, floods, frosts and all climatic conditions in general. Twice a month it issues a 30-day "out-look" which is a rough guide to weather conditions likely to occur over broad areas of the United States. These 30-day outlooks are based upon an analysis of the upper air levels which often set the stage for the development of air masses, fronts, and storms.
Considerable effort is being exerted today to achieve more accurate weather predictions. With the use of electronic instruments and earth satellites, enormous gains have taken place recently in identifying and tracking storms over regions which have but few meteorological stations. Extensive experiments are also in progress for weather modification studies. But the limitations of weather modification have prevented meteorological results except in the seeding of super¬cooled, upslope mountainous winds which have produced additional rainfall on the windward side of mountain ranges. Nevertheless, they have provided a clearer understanding of the fundamentals of weather elements.
26. The observation of weather conditions by satellites is advantageous because it_______.
A. enables man to alter the weather
B. makes weather prediction easier
C. gives the scientist information not obtained readily otherwise
D. uses electronic instruments
27. One characteristic of weather maps NOT mentioned by the author in this passage is
A. fronts B. thermal changes
C. frost D. wind speed
28. The thirty-day forecast is determined by examining_______.
A. daily weather maps B. upper air levels
C. satellite reports D. changing fronts
29. At the present time, experiments are being conducted in_____
A. 30-day "outlook" B. controlling storms
C. controlling weather D. determining density of pressure groups
30. Artificial rainmaking has been most successful in the_______.
A. lake area B. western slope of mountains
C. grass lands D. windward side of mountains
【参考答案】
21. A 22. D 23. C 24. A 25. C
26. C 27. B 28. B 29. C 30. D
